About Armenia
Armenian - the sole official language, spoken by ~97-98% of the population; a unique branch of the Indo-European language family with its own distinct alphabet.
Russian (~1.4%) and Yezidi (~1%) are spoken by minority communities.
Armenian is the sole official language of Armenia.
| Geography |
Location: Southwestern Asia, in the Lesser Caucasus mountains, landlocked between Turkey and Azerbaijan
Map references: Central Asia
Area:
total: 29,743 sq km
Land boundaries:
border countries: Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Turkey
Geography - note: landlocked in the Lesser Caucasus Mountains; Lake Sevan is the largest lake in this mountain range
| People |
Population: 2,963,837-3,076,200 (2025 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 77.5-77.7 years
male: 74.1 years
female: 81.0 years
Nationality:
noun/adjective: Armenian(s)
Ethnic groups: Armenian 98.1%, Yezidi 1.1%, other (Russian, Assyrian, Kurd, Ukrainian, Greek) less than 1% each (2022 est.)
Religions: Armenian Apostolic 95.2%, not stated 1.7%, other (Catholic, Evangelical, Orthodox) less than 1% each (2022 est.)
Languages: Armenian 97.2%, Russian 1.4%, Yezidi (Ezidian) 1.0% (2022 est.)
Literacy: total population 99.8% (2023 est.)
Population distribution: most of the population is located in the northern half of the country; the capital, Yerevan, is home to more than five times as many people as Gyumri, the second-largest city
| Government |
Country name:
conventional short form: Armenia
local short form: Hayastan
Data code: AM
Government type: parliamentary republic
National capital: Yerevan
Independence: 21 September 1991 (from the Soviet Union); notable earlier date - 321 BC (Kingdom of Armenia established under the Orontid Dynasty)
| Economy |
Economy - overview: upper-middle-income, fast-growing Caucasus economy; stable fiscal and monetary regime, though vulnerable to geopolitical shocks; economic and energy ties to Russia alongside growing EU and US trade; key copper and gold exporter; ongoing business-friendly and anti-corruption reforms
GDP (purchasing power parity): $82.743 billion (2026 est.)
GDP - real growth rate: 7.2% (2025 est.)
GDP - per capita: $27,024 PPP (2026 est.)
Inflation rate: 3.3% (2025 est.)
Population below poverty line: 23.5% (2018)
Currency: Armenian dram (AMD)