Andorra

The main languages spoken in Andorra are:
Catalan - the sole official language, spoken by ~44.1% as a mother tongue.
Castilian Spanish (~40.3%), Portuguese (~13.5%), and French (~10%) are also widely spoken, reflecting Andorra's large immigrant population from Spain, Portugal, and France.
Catalan is the sole official language of Andorra.

Geography

Location: Southwestern Europe, between France and Spain, in the Pyrenees mountains

Map references: Europe

Land boundaries:
border countries: France, Spain

Geography - note: landlocked; one of the smallest states in Europe, nestled high in the Pyrenees

People

Population: 77,543-89,058 (varies by source; 2020-2025 est.)

Life expectancy at birth: total population 83.8 years (2024 est.)

Nationality:
noun/adjective: Andorran(s)

Religions: predominantly Roman Catholic

Languages: Catalan (official) 44.1%, Castilian 40.3%, Portuguese 13.5%, French 10%, English 3% (2022 est.)

Population distribution: unevenly distributed, concentrated in the seven urbanized valleys that make up the country's parishes

Government

Country name:
conventional long form: Principality of Andorra
conventional short form: Andorra

Data code: AN

Government type: parliamentary co-principality

National capital: Andorra la Vella

Background: the last independent survivor of the Hispanic March states created by Frankish King Charlemagne in 795; for 715 years (1278-1993) Andorrans lived under a co-principality ruled by French and Spanish leaders; a 1993 constitution modernized the government into a parliamentary democracy while retaining the co-princes (currently the President of France and the Bishop of Urgell, Spain) as titular heads of state

Economy

Economy - overview: high-income economy driven by tourism (skiing, duty-free shopping) and international banking; not an EU member but has a special customs/cooperation relationship with the bloc and uses the euro; attracts roughly 8 million visitors annually

GDP (purchasing power parity): $4.42-5.4 billion (varies by source; 2024-2025 est.)

GDP - per capita: $64,386-65,900 PPP

Unemployment rate: 3.7%

Industries: tourism (particularly skiing), banking, timber, furniture

Currency: Euro (EUR)