England (U.K.)

The main languages spoken in England are:
English - the de facto official language, spoken by nearly the entire population.
Cornish - a revived Celtic language of Cornwall, recognized as a minority language.
Because of immigration, many other languages are spoken, especially in cities; the most common include Polish, Romanian, Punjabi, Urdu, Portuguese, Spanish, Arabic, and Bengali.
British Sign Language is also recognized.
English is the de facto official language of England.

Geography

Location: Western Europe, the largest and southernmost part of the island of Great Britain

Map references: Europe

Area:
total: 130,279 sq km

Land boundaries:
border countries: Scotland, Wales

Climate: temperate; moderated by prevailing southwest winds over the North Atlantic Current

Terrain: mostly rolling lowland, with uplands in the north and southwest

People

Population: about 57 million (2023 est.); about 84% of the UK population

Nationality:
noun: Englishman/Englishwoman
adjective: English

Languages: English; Cornish (minority language); many immigrant languages

Government

Country name:
conventional short form: England

Data code: GB-ENG

Government type: constituent country of the United Kingdom; governed directly by the UK Parliament (no devolved legislature)

National capital: London

Background: England emerged as a unified kingdom in the 10th century; it united with Wales (1535-1542) and Scotland (1707) to form Great Britain, and with Ireland in 1801 to form the United Kingdom; English, the language of England, is today spoken worldwide